Lathe



Nov. 1751925- *A`C HUGUET LATHE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June l.

Nov

A. C. HUGUET LATHE Filed June l, 1922 s sheets-Sheet 2l nomtoz i W A. c.HUGUET Ngv. 17, 1925.

'LATHE Filed June 1. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 5in/vento@ my@ aum Nov.17,1925- C. HUGUET LATHE 5 sheets-sheet 4 Filed June 1. 1922 Nov. 11,1925 A. c. lluGuE-r LATI-IE Filed June l. 1922 5 SheetS-Sheet 5 PatentedNov. 17, 1925.

UNITED s'rArEs PATENT OFFICE.

ANTONIO COSTA HUGUET, OF BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA.

LATI-IE.

Application filed June 1,

automatically turning or cutting objects of -any desired shape, inrelief or bas-relief, either on internal or external surfaces and withmathematic exactness.

rlhis invention essentially consists in arranging on the slide or restof the lathe or cutting machine, a particular tool support, adapted toslide in an endwise direction, and a guide supporting device, alsomounted to perform an endwise sliding motion, which latter device actson a pattern or model secured to a iXed part of the lathe frame andurged against the same by means ofi a spring, both sliding devices beingsuitably linked together in Order that the movements of, one of the samewill cause a corresponding` movement of the other device.

The invention further has for object a device of the above kind in whichthe thickness of the article to be turned or cut may be reduced orincreased at will in relation to the thickness of the pattern or model,or the length of said article in relation to the length of the pattern,or both may be varied at a time, all such objects being obtainedautomatically and in a reliable manner, without requiring the aid ofexpert operators or turners, whereby not only a considerable saving inthe cost of manufacture may be obtained, but also the respective Objectsmay be turned or vcut withinl a much lesser period of time.

The invention also views other objects which will appear in the courseof this specification and will particularly be pointed out in theclaiming clauses hereto annexed.

In order that the invention may be readiflly understood and carried intopractice without difliculties, a preferred form of embodiment andseveral modifications of the 1922.A Serial No. 565,041.

same have been represented in the accompanying"drawings, in which Figure1 is aplan view of the corresponding part of a lathe provided with theim-l` provements in accordance with rthis invention, arranged for frontturning.

Figure 2 ris a view similar to Figurel, but with the device arranged forlateral turning.

Figure 3 illustrates in plan view, on a larger scale, the deviceaccording to my invention, as applied to the slide of the lathe. Figureillustrates a side view of the same.

Figure 5 shows a cross section of the said device, on a line passingthrough the central lpivot of the link or joint.

Figure 6 is a rear view of the device as applied to the slide.

Figure 7 illustrates in front view the arrangement of the pattern ormodel with its supporting elements in the arrangement of Figure 1. f

Figure 8 isl a side elevation also correspending to the arrangement ofFigure 1.

Figure 9 is a side elevation, partially sectional, of the elementcarrying the tail stock of the lathe, while the Figure 10 illustrates afront view of the same.

Figure 11 illustrates a modified construction of the device according tothis invention, as applied to obtain/variations in the lengthl of theobject to Vbe turned with regard to that of the pattern or model.

Figure 12 shows a front elevation ofV the same.

Figure 13 is a side view which illustrates vthe operation'of saiddevice.

Figure 14 illustrates the manner of applying a rotative` cutter to thetool supporting device.

Figure 15 is a similar view to Figures 1 and 2 whichy illustrates thisinvention as applied to ther turning or cutting of objects of differentsections, either variable or constant and provided ornotwith designs`or'letters in relief or bas-relief.

Figure 16 illustrates a modiication of the pattern support inV theforegoing `arrangement which causes the pattern to follow the slide inits movement; according' to this arrangement, objects of a length equalto that of the klathe-may be turned by using a short pattern.

lil)

` tion.

screw Figure 1T illustrates a modified construction of the guidingdevice for the case when a positive pattern is to be used.

Figure .i8 illustrates the tool supporting` device provided with aseries of tools, for operating on several objects in series, and

Figure 19 is a side elevation of the same device.

in all the said ligures, the same numbers of reference indicate like orcorresponding.

parts.

Referring to the embodiment of the inv4fention as shown in Figures l.and l5, is the b se 'trame of the lathe which may be oit any itable ordesired type, independ- 'ont oi this invention and which carries thelinked together by means ot' a connecting member mounted to oscillate ona pivot 5, adapted to be adjusted horizontall;7 by means otx a slot Gtermed in connecting` meniber The ends ot' said member l are arrangedfbelow the bridges 9 and 10, secured to said sliding devices so that anymovement of one oi said devices will cause an inverse movement ot theother.) the range ot such movement being controlled by the position ofthe pin 5, as will be readily understood. 'One ot the said devices, suchas 7, carries the guiding centre l5, suitably clamped by the plate llseein d tion by means of screws and nuts i3, while the other devise flsupports the tool le. clamped by the plate serured in position byn'ieans oi" the dica tes the 'in e' --er-part oi the obje-zt 'to bealthough it will be evident Athat a pos Je model or pattern mightbeemployeil. in which case theelement l is replaced by the deviceillustrated in Figure 17 which lconsists of a curif'ed rod 96 which ctries'at its'end the guiding centre l5 in a frever Jd condition? saidcenter being carried `:inthiscaseby the screw 97, for the purpose of:facilita-ting the adjustment of its positter -having effected rsuchadjust- An1ent,the screw 97 is locked by ineens of the 93. The rod 9.6alsosecured by in'ieans otfthe plate ll and the screws on the sliding'center-support 7. ln this case fthefmodcl or pattern 'is turned, causing`the sameto pass to the opposite side of the slide block .the arms ofthe lever 4.

The pattern ormodel is carriedl means V by a support 207 adapted toslide on the member 2l which in turn is mounted to perform a sliding'movement in a direction normal to that oi: the suplgiort 21') on theblock suitably secured to the base 'trame of the lathe. rlhe centersupport 7 is formed integral with a rod 23 on which is mounted a spring2d which bears on a ii'xed collar for the purpose ot constantly urgingthe guide center against the surface oit the pattern or model. as willbe readily understood. The pressure must be controlled in accordancewith the class olE material under treatment and in accordance also withthe depth or the work to be per'torn ed. all ot which is obtained by'varying the tension o' the spring or by the mechanical devices he afterto' be described. 26 indicates a handle Ytor imparting longitudinalmovement t tion to the lathe.

b.1 ek 3l (similar to the bloeit 22 in Figure l is placed in thelongitudinal direction of the lathe and 'on said block is sii-dablymount id the tail stock 80 carryingthe deed renter 29 of the lathe; 28indicates the l c. conter, the yobject to `be turned, indicated. at2'2", being supported between the said dea-il and live centers in theusual manner. The pattern i9 is in this case also placed on the slidingmember 20, in the endwisevdirection or 'the lathe. The member 20 slidestransversely on the member 2l and the latter travels in an endwisedirection on the guide l.. It screw l2 is used to secure the engagementof the dead center 29 Awith the object 27 to beturned.

Figures-3, -l and 5 illustrate details ot the construction of Athispreferred embodiment ceive the head of the pin 5, which pin is secured.in position by means of afnut 35", 'for the purpose of varying thelength of At the centre of said plate 3 at the underside thereof aretermed-'two grooves 86 and 36a, of swallow tail cross section andarranged at right angles with regard to each other, by means of whichsaid p'lateis allowed to slide along awcorresponding.guide :formed 1nthe slide .2. In the top surface of the plate are required.

igeeaive formed swallow-tailed grooves 37 in which' travel the slidingmembers 7 and 8, as will be seen when referring to the drawing, a neatadjustment ofthe parts being obtained by means of the screws 38. At oneof its ends, the lever 4 is .provided with a somewhat elongated hole 39within which moves a pin 40, provided ywith a sleeve 41, saidy pin beingformed integral with the sliding center-support 7 and placed below thebridge 9, the opposite end of said lever extending below the bridge 10.The bridges 9 and 10 are secured by: means of the screws 42 to therespective sliding members 7 and 3. 43 indicates a support secured bymeans ofthe screws 44 to the rear of the sliding center-support 7 andwhich may alsobe secured to the other sliding member 8, so as to permitof a change, to which vendthe said sliding member is formed with aseries of screw holes, as clearly shown in `Figure 3. To the saidsupport 43 is secured the rod 23, above referred to; said rod carries atits end a fixed eye or ring 25, secured after the manner of a clampbetween two nuts 46 on the end ofa screw' 45 secured to theplate 3, sothat by varying the position of said nuts, the pressure exerted by theaforesaidspring 24 on the slidingcentersupporty 7, may be increased ordecreased as 47 is a screw operated by means of the handle 26 andadapted to turn in a bracket 49 formed integral with'the plate 3 and'which at its opposite end is threaded into the slide; this arrangementallows of lvarying theposition of the plate-3 in relation'to the saidslide and causes the same to approach to, or recede from'th'ev object tobeturnedv and the pattern or model as the turning operation progresses,thereby adjusting the pressure applied to the' work. Said screw may beplaced in one direction or another, according to the position occupiedby the plate with regard to the rest or slide'. In order'to change theposition of the screw 45, the plate 3 is formed with piece 8 (see Fig.6). v

In the form Vof construction represented ,inFigures 1 and 2, the model`or pattern V19 -is supported on the'member 2O by vmeans of screws 50 inthe manner shown in Figs.

7 and 8. Said support 20 is provided at its lower face with aswallow-tailed grooveA which engages with a corresponding` guide formedon- 'the yupper part ofthe member 21, being -secured in position bymeans'of the screw 51. The supporting member Y21j in turn,'is mounted toslide -on the r`slide block 22, in a similar way, being convenientlysecured in position by means of the screws k52. The said slide block22is secured to thebase frame l of the lathe by means of a clamp 53,which, is perforated at its oppo- `Vvsite ends 'for' engagement with'threaded studs {S4-Wand 55 carried respectively by the block 22 andframe 1, the clamp being secured on said studs by nuts 54 and 55respectively.` The block 22 is thus rigidly secured to the frame 1. Inthe construction above described, the position of the pattern 19 withregard to the 'centre guide y15 may be adjusted constantly and at willaccording to lthe requirements ofthe work and to suit the pattern .asthe operation proceeds. The arrangement of the elements just describedis the same with regard to the longitudinalslide block or guide 31 inthe' case illustrated in' Figure 2, the block 31 insaid ligurecorresponding to the block 22 aforementioned. f .Y

,Said block 31v is supported on thebase frame 1 ofthe lathe by means ofthe bracket 58 :(Figs. v9 and 10) at a suitable distance above saidframe so as to allow of the passage of the slidek 2. Said bracketissecured tothe'block 31 and frame 1 respectively by means of studs andnuts 59 and 60,'.as'is clearly shown in Figures 9 and 10. On said block31 is mounted lfor endwiseY sliding motion, by means of the swallow'tailguide shown, the tail stock 30 carrying the dead center 29 of the lathe,the latter being arranged within a circular opening 61 formed in saidtail stock which when desiredmay also be used as supporting block, as`will hereinafter be explained. A' i Said circular opening 1s closed byVmeans y of a plate 56 secured to the 'supportv by means of screws andprovided with an opening into which may be threaded thev screw 32, forthe purpose of applying pressure to said dead center.`

The operation of the devices above.` describedl requires no furtherexplanation, as the same will be readily understood from the foregoingdescription by yany person skilled in the art. The relation. of depthvbetween the pattern and the object operated upon,1 is adjusted by meansof the screwl 5, byvarying its position in the4 groove 33.

- i Forf the purpose of adjusting the relative 'length between theypatterny or model and the object under treatment", by varying at willthe proportions ofthe same,; the arrangement illustrated inFigures'll to13 ymay be employed. In said views, 62l indicates an ber'166, .and on`said member 66 is mounted toA slideV ina direction. at right angles tothe tool'fvsupport or head 67 which issimilar. in alllrespects to thet'ool-carri'erp,A above-described.` LfInfthis formofy construction, theE130 ,directionof' movement VVof said member, :a

bridge of the tool-carrier 8 has been dis pensed with and the lever 68,which `takes the place of the lever 4 hereinbefore described, carries anextension provided with an elongated slot 69 placed below the bridge 70of the tool-carrier 67 and whichv bridge may be provided with adepending stud (not shown) for engagement with said slot thereby toassist in guiding the tool carrier in its reciprocatory movementstransversely of the memberA 66. The provision of the slot also serves tolessen the weight of the lever 68. The sliding movements in a directionparallel to the guide support 7 Aare transmitted in the same manner asbefore by means of the said rod or lever 68 and the relations'of depthmay be. adjusted by positioning the pin 5. As hereinbefore stated,theftool-carrier 67 also is capable of sliding movement in alongitudinal direction, corresponding to the length of ythe work to beturned. These movements, which may be obtained in several ways, areproduced in the present instance as follows: The slide member 66 isprovided with two lateral stops 76 with which engages a fork 75, formedintegral with a lever 73, which is provided with a longitudinal grooveY74. To the lower part of the said lever is linked the end 76 of a rod77 the opposite end of Vwhich is pivotally connected at 78 to the slideor rest. The lever 73 is pivoted, intermediate its ends, to a stud 72carried by a bracket 71 which is Vrigidly secured to the bed'frame ofthe lathe, the vertical portion of lthe bracket being also provided witha slot similar to the slot 74, whereby the stud may be secured to saidbracket at any point in the length of its slot andv of the slot 74 inthe lever, by means of a collar 72a fixed on the stud and a nut 72bthreaded on the end of said stud as clearly shown in F ig. 13. It willthus be seen that, by varying the position of the pivot 72, the ratio ofthe length of one armof the lever 73 to that of the other may be varied,andtherefore, for a given movement of the slide, the toolcarrier 67ywill be given a movement propor tionate tothe ratio between said leverarms, as will be readily understood. u

When desired, a revolving cutter 79 may be arranged on the tool-carrier,as shown in Fig. 14 said cutter being mounted in a sleeve 81, providedwith ears 82 and 83, sc-

cured by means of the screws 14 and 84 to the sliding plate of thetool-carrier. The tail or end 8O of said cutter may be rotated from anysuitable source of power and by any convenient means.

When it is desiredl to operate in series on severaly pieces of work,then several tools may be positioned in series on the tool-can rierwhich may be effected by means of two plates 97 and 98 (see Figs. 18 and19), secured by the common plate 12 and the on the longitudinal shaft85, caused to rotate by means of the lathe in the usual way andsupported by the dead center 86. The model 87 is secured on'the shaftbya collar 88 fixed by means of screws or the like, while the object 89 tobe operated upon is secured to said shaft by collars 90 and suitable setscrews, said collars being splined to the shaft by meansof keys 92 whichengage a longitudinal groove 91 in the shaft thereby to prevent rotationof the collars relatively to the shaft. The operation of the device willbe readily understood and the model or pattern may be reproduced of thesame or other lengths, either as a positive or negative, as may bedesired. When it is desired to reproduce a short model or pattern ofunvarying cross section along an indefinite length on the objectoperated upon, then the collar 88 is removed from the model and thislatter is secured by means of a rfork 93, secured at 94 to the guidesupport, so that as the slide 2 moves along, the model will also beshifted, as will be clearly understood.

It will Ybe evident that the invention may be carried into practice inmanners different from that above described and shown and that inconsequence the invention is not limited thereto, but, on the contrary,the same may be varied as to the construction and arrangement of partswithin the scope of the claims hereunto annexed.

The several manners of using this invention have not been set forth indetail, as these may be all or any of the uses of a lathe while itallows of automatically performing operations which up to this datecould be done only by hand, thereby effecting considerable saving intime and labor and permitting of the' exact and perfect reproduction ofthe model or patterns.

Having now described my said invention, I declare that what I claim asnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :f- 1 1. In a machine ofthe class described, the combination of a slide block, a plate supportedthereon, a pair of members carried by said plate and slidable inparallelism thereon, one of said members being adapted to carry a tooland the other to support a center' guide, Ya pivoted link connectionbetween said slidable members, the pivotal point of said link beingadjustable, means u for supporting a pattern on the frame of the machinein position to be followed by said center guide, said means beingadjustable to vary the position of the pattern relatively to the guide,and means for constantly urging said center guide against the surface ofthe pattern. w

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a slideblock, a lever carried by said block and pivoted at a point intermediateits ends, said lever carrying at one side of its pivot a tool supportand at the other side a center guide adapted to follow a patternsupported at a fixed point on the nected to said tool-support andmounted on `a pivot adjustable longitudinally of the lever, anda rodpivotally connected at one end to said slide block and at its oppositeend to said second lever.

In testimony whereof I have signedl my name to this specification. t f

AANTONIO COSTA HGUET.

